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Simple to Complex Sentences

सरल से जटिल वाक्य

What is a Complex Sentence? | जटिल वाक्य क्या है?

A complex sentence has one main clause and one or more dependent clauses (noun, adjective, or adverb clauses).

जटिल वाक्य में एक मुख्य उपवाक्य और एक या अधिक आश्रित उपवाक्य होते हैं।

Methods to Convert Simple to Complex | सरल से जटिल में बदलने के तरीके

Method 1: Using Noun Clauses (संज्ञा उपवाक्य)

✗ Simple: I know his address.

✓ Complex: I know where he lives.

मुझे पता है कि वह कहाँ रहता है।

✗ Simple: He admitted his guilt.

✓ Complex: He admitted that he was guilty.

उसने स्वीकार किया कि वह दोषी था।

Method 2: Using Adjective Clauses (विशेषण उपवाक्य)

✗ Simple: I met a man selling flowers.

✓ Complex: I met a man who was selling flowers.

मैं एक आदमी से मिला जो फूल बेच रहा था।

✗ Simple: He bought a broken chair.

✓ Complex: He bought a chair which was broken.

उसने एक कुर्सी खरीदी जो टूटी हुई थी।

Method 3: Using Adverb Clauses of Time (समय)

✗ Simple: On seeing the police, the thief ran away.

✓ Complex: When he saw the police, the thief ran away.

जब उसने पुलिस को देखा, चोर भाग गया।

✗ Simple: After finishing his work, he left.

✓ Complex: After he finished his work, he left.

अपना काम समाप्त करने के बाद वह चला गया।

Method 4: Using Adverb Clauses of Reason (कारण)

✗ Simple: Being tired, he went to bed.

✓ Complex: He went to bed because he was tired.

वह सो गया क्योंकि वह थका हुआ था।

✗ Simple: Due to illness, he was absent.

✓ Complex: He was absent because he was ill.

वह अनुपस्थित था क्योंकि वह बीमार था।

Method 5: Using Adverb Clauses of Condition (शर्त)

✗ Simple: Without working hard, you cannot succeed.

✓ Complex: If you do not work hard, you cannot succeed.

यदि आप कठिन परिश्रम नहीं करते हैं, तो आप सफल नहीं हो सकते।

Method 6: Using Adverb Clauses of Purpose (उद्देश्य)

✗ Simple: He works hard to pass the exam.

✓ Complex: He works hard so that he may pass the exam.

वह कड़ी मेहनत करता है ताकि वह परीक्षा में पास हो सके।

✍️ Practice Exercise | अभ्यास

Convert these simple sentences to complex:

He confessed his crime.
I saw a girl dancing.
Being honest, he was trusted.
On reaching the station, the train had left.
Work hard to succeed.

Click for Answers

He confessed that he had committed a crime.
I saw a girl who was dancing.
Because he was honest, he was trusted.
When I reached the station, the train had left.
Work hard so that you may succeed.

🎯 Key Transformations Summary | मुख्य परिवर्तन सारांश

Simple Pattern	Complex Pattern
Infinitive (to + verb)	that + clause
Gerund/Participle	Adverb clause
Preposition + noun	Adverb clause
Too...to	so...that
Too young to understand	so young that he cannot understand

✍️ More Practice | और अभ्यास

He wants to become a doctor.
Being rich, he helps the poor.
In spite of illness, he attended the meeting.
He is too weak to walk.
I saw a man carrying a bag.

Show Answers

He wants that he should become a doctor.
As he is rich, he helps the poor.
Though he was ill, he attended the meeting.
He is so weak that he cannot walk.
I saw a man who was carrying a bag.